The different types of communication disorders, according to DSM-5, include:
Language Disorder
Speech Sound Disorder
Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder
Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder
Central auditory processing disorder
Their specific definition is as follows:
Definitions of each type are included below:
A language disorder is identified by persistent difficulties in acquiring and using languages both in written, spoken, or sign language due to a deficit in comprehension or production. The deficits are difficulties in forming sentences and incapacity to use language to communicate relative to an individual's expected age.
Speech sound disorders refer to any speech difficulty or a combination of several difficulties. Ideally, speech sound disorders can be organic or functional in nature. The impact of organic speech sound disorder forms an underlying neurological, sensory, or structural cause. Functional speech sound disorders are idiopathic with no known cause.
Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorderis a condition that makes it hard to talk with other people. Persons with this disorder have challenges communicating in ways that are socially appropriate.
Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder is a dysfluency characterized by disruptions in the flow of speech. It includes repetition of speech sounds, prolonging speech sounds, or hesitations before or during a speech. Individuals with this disorder often have articulation problems and find it a challenge to form and combine sounds.
Central auditory processing disorder is identified by impairment of auditory processing. Persons with this type of disorder have a deficiency in recognizing and interpreting sounds by their brains. They neither follow the rules of spoken language nor understand the aspects of giving and take conversions.